$multitraps

Setting for traps (2D) with multi-levels.

Format

$multitraps
$N_{levels}$
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$
...
...
...
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$

Parameter Explanation

• $N_{levels}$
• $N_{trap}$ : trap density. $cm^{-3}$ negative sign as electron trap and poisitive sign as hole trap
  
• Et : depth of trap related to Ec. $(eV)$
  
• degeneracy : degeneracy of traps, we usually set as 1.
• $\tau_{e}$ : nonradiative lifetime of electrons. $(Sec.)$
  
• $\tau_{h}$ : nonradiative lifetime of holes. $(Sec.)$
  

Note that usually $\tau = \frac{1}{N_{t}v_{th}\sigma}$. Therefore, when Nt is increased, the non-radiative lifetime should decrease as well. Users need to adjust this by themselves.

Example

$multitraps
2
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7

This means 2 trap levels. One is electron trap where the trap level is below conduction band 1.1eV. The other trap levels is hole trap levels, which is below conduction band 2.1 eV

The $multitraps setting in GUI interface is here
1. After setting up the general structure, press Additional Function.
2. Check the box for Multi-levels Traps and set the Number of trap levels to 2.
3. Fill in these fields for the two levels as needed!

Related commands: $traps (2D) , $multitraps, $gaussiantraps , $fieldenhancemultitraps $fieldenhancetraps