$multitraps

Setting for traps (2D) with multi-levels.

Format

$multitraps
$N_{levels}$
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$
...
...
...
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$

Parameter Explanation

• $N_{levels}$
• $N_{trap}$ : trap density. $cm^{-3}$
  
• Et : depth of trap related to Ec. $(eV)$
  
• degeneracy : degeneracy of traps, we usually set as 1.
• $\tau_{e}$ : nonradiative lifetime of electrons. $(Sec.)$
  
• $\tau_{h}$ : nonradiative lifetime of holes. $(Sec.)$
  

Note that usually $\tau = \frac{1}{N_{t}v_{th}\sigma}$. Therefore, when Nt is increased, the non-radiative lifetime should decrease as well. Users need to adjust this by themselves.

Example

$multitraps
2
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7

This means 2 trap levels. One is electron trap where the trap level is below conduction band 1.1eV. The other trap levels is hole trap levels, which is below conduction band 2.1 eV

Related commands: $traps (2D) , $multitraps