$traps

Setting for traps.

Format

$traps
n 
P1i P1f Ntraps Et degeneracy te th 
P2i P2f Ntraps Et degeneracy te th 
P3i P3f Ntraps Et degeneracy te th 
 ...
Pni Pnf Ntraps Et degeneracy te th

Parameter Explanation

• n : number of trap layers.
• Pi : initial position of trap.$(\AA)$
  
• Pf : position of trap.$(\AA)$
  
• Ntraps : trap concerntraion and if you wanna set n-type traps nt should be a negative value ex -9e16 vice versa. $(cm^{-3})$
  
• Et : depth of trap related to Ec. $(eV)$
  
• degeneracy : degeneracy of traps we usually set as 1.
• te : lifetime of electrons. $(Sec.)$
  
• th : lifetime of holes. $(Sec.)$
  

Example

$traps
1 
0.0 500.0 9.0e16 0.0 1 1e-9 1e-9

The $traps setting for 1D-DDCC in GUI interface

Establish the new trap regions.

You can adjust the parameters in Step 4 or modify them in Step 6 after pressing apply.