$fieldenhancemultitraps

Setting for traps (2D) with multi-levels and field enhanced traps.

Format

$fieldenhancemultitraps
$N_{levels}$
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$   $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$   ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$ 
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$ $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$ 
...
...
...
$N_{trap}$ Et degeneracy $\tau_{e1}$ $\tau_{p1}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$  $N_{trap_2}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,2}$  $\tau_{p,2}$ $\beta$ $Efactor$  ... (... Repeat  $N_{levels}$) ... $N_{trap_N}$ Et degeneracy  $\tau_{e,N}$  $\tau_{p,N}$$\beta$ $Efactor$ 

Parameter Explanation

• $N_{levels}$
• $N_{trap}$ : trap density. $cm^{-3}$ negative sign as electron trap and poisitive sign as hole trap
  
• Et : depth of trap related to Ec. $(eV)$
  
• degeneracy : degeneracy of traps, we usually set as 1.
• $\tau_{e}$ : nonradiative lifetime of electrons. $(Sec.)$
  
• $\tau_{h}$ : nonradiative lifetime of holes. $(Sec.)$
  
• $\beta$ $Efactor$ : enhanced factor with $exp(\beta |E |^{Efactor})$

Note that usually $\tau = \frac{1}{N_{t}v_{th}\sigma}$. Therefore, when Nt is increased, the non-radiative lifetime should decrease as well. Users need to adjust this by themselves.

Example

$fieldenhancemultitraps
2
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1.0e-4 0.5  1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7  1.0e-4 0.5 
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1.0e-4 0.5  1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7  1.0e-4 0.5 
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1.0e-4 0.5  1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7  1.0e-4 0.5 
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1.0e-4 0.5  1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7  1.0e-4 0.5 
-1e+17  1.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7 1.0e-4 0.5  1e+18  2.1  1  1.0e-7  1.0e-7  1.0e-4 0.5 

This means 2 trap levels. One is electron trap where the trap level is below conduction band 1.1eV. The other trap levels is hole trap levels, which is below conduction band 2.1 eV